What do we call the buildup of a groove weld that extends above the surface of the base material?

The buildup of a groove weld that extends above the surface of the base material is referred to as reinforcement. This term specifically describes the portion of the weld metal that is added during the welding process, which improves the strength and integrity of the joint. Reinforcement is important in ensuring that the weld can adequately bear loads and stresses placed upon it.

In welding terminology, a groove weld is designed to fit into a predefined joint, and the reinforcement helps compensate for potential defects, making the weld more robust. The height and shape of this reinforcement can affect the weld's performance, as it helps to distribute loads more effectively.

Other terms like overhang, fillet, and seam refer to different aspects of welding and joint types but do not correctly define the characteristic of a groove weld that rises above the base material. Overhang could suggest an excess protrusion of material that is not necessarily related to weld geometry, while a fillet is a type of weld formation typically used in corner joints rather than in grooved applications. The term seam describes the joint created by the welding process but does not connote anything about the build-up or elevation of weld material that reinforcement does.